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Introduction of Section 129 BNS

Section 129 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) defines “criminal force.” It refers to the intentional use of force against another person without their consent, with the purpose of committing an offense, or with the intention or knowledge that the force will likely cause injury, fear, or annoyance to the person.


The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) Section 129 replaces the old Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 350.



What is section 129 of BNS ?

BNS Section 129 defines “criminal force” as the intentional application of force to another person without their consent, with the purpose of committing an offense or causing injury, fear, or annoyance. The definition covers various forms of force and the intentions behind them.

Definition of criminal force in BNS 129.
BNS 129 explains the concept of criminal force

BNS 129 in Simple Points

  1. Definition of Criminal Force:
    Criminal force is defined as the intentional use of force against someone without their consent. The action is deliberate and meant to achieve a specific outcome, such as committing a crime or causing harm.
  2. Consent:
    For the force to be considered criminal, it must be applied without the person’s permission. Consent is a key element that differentiates criminal force from actions that are permissible or consensual.
  3. Purpose and Intention:
    The use of force must be intended to commit an offense or to cause injury, fear, or annoyance. The intention behind the force plays a crucial role in determining its criminal nature.
  4. Impact on the Victim:
    The force must be likely to cause some form of harm, whether physical, emotional, or psychological. The potential or actual impact on the victim is an essential factor in evaluating criminal force.
  5. Types of Actions:
    Criminal force can be applied in various ways, including physical contact, using objects, or inducing animals. The law covers a broad range of actions to ensure that any form of non-consensual force is addressed.

Section 129 BNS Overview

BNS Section 129 defines “criminal force.” This section deals with the intentional use of force against another person without their consent, with the aim of committing an offense, or causing harm, fear, or annoyance. It outlines how such actions are legally considered criminal.

BNS Section 129: Some Key Points

  1. Intentional Use of Force:
    Criminal force involves the deliberate application of force. This means that the person using the force does so on purpose, rather than accidentally.
  2. Without Consent:
    The force must be applied without the other person’s agreement. Consent is a crucial factor in determining whether the force is criminal.
  3. Purpose of Offense:
    The force is used either to commit a crime or with the intent to cause harm. The purpose behind using the force is to achieve a criminal objective.
  4. Likely to Cause Harm:
    The person using the force must either intend to cause harm or know that their actions are likely to cause injury, fear, or annoyance.
  5. Variety of Actions:
    Criminal force can involve different actions such as pushing, hitting, or using objects. It can also include actions like throwing objects or using animals to cause harm.
  6. Physical Force:
    This includes direct physical actions like striking or pushing. Any movement that affects the other person’s body is considered.
  7. Inducing Force:
    Force can be induced by using objects or animals. For example, encouraging an animal to attack someone or using objects to cause harm falls under this category.
  8. Contact with Body or Belongings:
    The force can cause direct contact with the person’s body or their belongings. This means that even if the force doesn’t directly hit the person but affects their property, it can still be criminal.
  9. Impact on Sense of Feeling:
    The force must impact the person’s sense of feeling. For instance, throwing boiling water that touches the person’s skin would be considered criminal force.
  10. Intent to Cause Fear or Annoyance:
    It’s not just about physical harm; the intent to frighten or annoy the person also makes the use of force criminal.
  11. Legal Context:
    Understanding criminal force is important for legal cases involving assaults or other violent crimes. It helps in identifying and categorizing the nature of the offense.
  12. Illustrative Examples:
    Examples such as pushing someone on the street or causing a boat to drift away are used to explain what constitutes criminal force. These practical illustrations help in understanding how the law applies to real-life scenarios.

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Section 129

BNS SectionDefinitionPunishmentBailable StatusCourt
129Criminal force involves intentional, non-consensual force meant to commit an offense or cause harm.
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Section 129

BNS Section 129 FAQs

What is criminal force under Section 129?

What are examples of criminal force?

Examples include pushing someone, throwing an object at someone, or using animals to cause fear or harm.


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