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Introduction of Section 152 BNS

Section 152 BNS plays a crucial role in protecting the nation from any internal threats that could harm its sovereignty or unity. It serves as a strong deterrent against attempts to incite rebellion, promote separatism, or disrupt the country’s integrity. By imposing strict punishments, including life imprisonment, it ensures that the nation’s unity and sovereignty are upheld at all times.


The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) Section 152 replaces the old Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 124-A.



What is BNS Section 152 ?

BNS Section 152 addresses actions that threaten the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India. It punishes individuals who, through words (spoken or written), signs, or any form of communication (including electronic means), attempt to excite rebellion, secession, or any separatist activities. The law aims to preserve the nation’s unity by taking strict action against those who seek to harm the country’s integrity.


Section 152 BNS   addresses threats to India's unity, integrity
Section 152 BNS punishes actions threatening India’s unity

BNS 152 in Simple Points

  1. Endangering Sovereignty: Any person who engages in activities that threaten India’s sovereignty or promotes division among the country is subject to punishment.
  2. Various Forms of Communication: This includes spoken or written words, signs, or electronic communication used to promote rebellion or separatist activities.
  3. Promotion of Secession: Individuals who try to incite secession or separatist movements within India are punished under this section.
  4. Severe Punishment: Those found guilty may face life imprisonment or up to 7 years in prison along with a fine.
  5. Lawful Criticism Allowed: Lawful criticism of government actions aimed at change through peaceful means is not an offense under this section.

BNS 152 BNS Overview

BNS Section 152 is a crucial law aimed at protecting the unity and integrity of India. It ensures that those who promote separatism, rebellion, or any act that could harm the country’s sovereignty face severe legal consequences. This section helps maintain the nation’s stability by penalizing those who attempt to divide or destabilize it through unlawful means.

Sec 152 BNS Overview (10 Key Points in Detail)

  1. Protection of National Unity: This section exists to safeguard India’s sovereignty and unity. It criminalizes actions that threaten the country’s integrity, including promoting division or rebellion.
  2. Forms of Expression Penalized: It covers both spoken and written communication, signs, electronic messages, and even the use of financial means to encourage separatist movements.
  3. Purpose or Knowledge: If a person knowingly or purposely incites activities that endanger India’s unity, they can be punished.
  4. Promotion of Armed Rebellion: Encouraging armed rebellion or any activity that leads to internal conflict or war within the country falls under this section.
  5. Imprisonment for Life: For severe cases, such as actively promoting rebellion or attempting to break the country apart, the punishment could be life imprisonment.
  6. Lesser Punishment: In cases of lesser involvement, imprisonment for up to 7 years can be imposed along with a fine.
  7. Not for Peaceful Criticism: Lawful disapproval of government actions aimed at peaceful reform is not an offense under this law. It only punishes acts that incite violence or rebellion.
  8. Cognizable and Non-Bailable Offense: The offense is cognizable, meaning that the police can arrest without a warrant. It is also non-bailable, so the accused may not be granted bail easily.
  9. Tried by Court of Session: Given the seriousness of offenses under this section, the cases are tried in a Court of Session.
  10. Clear Legal Limits: The law ensures that peaceful criticism of government actions aimed at reform does not fall under this section, ensuring a balance between freedom of speech and national security.

Examples of BNS Section 152

  1. Example 1: If a person makes speeches or distributes pamphlets calling for a specific region to break away from India and form a separate country, they can be charged under BNS Section 152 for promoting separatism.
  2. Example 2: If someone uses social media to encourage armed rebellion against the Government of India, such as forming an armed group to attack government institutions, they can be punished under this section.

BNS 152 Punishment

Imprisonment for Life: For severe cases where actions directly threaten the unity or sovereignty of India, life imprisonment may be imposed.

Imprisonment up to 7 Years: In cases that are less severe, the punishment can extend up to 7 years, with an additional fine imposed.


BNS 152 imposes life imprisonment for severe threats
BNS 152 punishment includes life imprisonment or 7 years

BNS 152 bailable or not ?

No, BNS Section 152 is a non-bailable offense, meaning the accused does not have an automatic right to bail. The court has the discretion to grant bail depending on the circumstances of the case.


Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Section 152

SectionOffensePunishmentCognizable or NotBailable or NotCourt
BNS Section 152Endangering sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India by inciting rebellion or separatismLife imprisonment or 7 years + fineCognizableNon-bailableCourt of Session
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Section 152

BNS Section 152 FAQs

What does BNS Section 152 punish?

What is the maximum punishment under BNS Section 152?

Life imprisonment, along with a fine, is the maximum punishment.

Is BNS Section 152 bailable?

What court handles cases under BNS Section 152?


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