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Introduction of 195 IPC

  • IPC 195 ensures that no person is convicted based on false evidence, protecting the integrity of the judicial system.
  • IPC 195A punishes those who threaten others to provide false evidence. If false evidence leads to wrongful conviction, the guilty party faces the same punishment as the innocent person received.


What is IPC Section 195 ?

IPC Section 195 deals with giving or fabricating false evidence with the intention of securing the conviction of a person for an offence punishable with life imprisonment or a minimum of seven years. The guilty person is punished as if they had committed the offence they falsely accused someone of.


IPC 195 in Simple Points

  1. False Evidence and Intent to Convict
    IPC 195 applies when a person gives false evidence or fabricates fake proof with the intention of convicting someone of a serious crime. The law ensures that no person is falsely imprisoned due to false testimony, documents, or manipulated evidence. It focuses on punishing those who misuse the legal system to harm others.
  2. Who Can be Punished?
    Any individual, including witnesses, law enforcement officers, or private individuals, who knowingly provides false evidence to secure a wrongful conviction falls under IPC 195. The crucial factor is the intention behind the act—if the person knowingly provides false testimony or evidence, they are held accountable.
  3. Punishment Under IPC 195
    The punishment for giving or fabricating false evidence is the same as the sentence that the falsely accused person would have received. This means if someone is falsely convicted of an offence punishable by life imprisonment, the person who provided false evidence will also face life imprisonment or similar punishment.
  4. Protecting the Justice System
    The purpose of IPC 195 is to prevent misuse of the law and ensure fair trials. It discourages people from falsely accusing others for personal revenge, financial gain, or any other motive. It also acts as a warning to those who attempt to manipulate court proceedings.
  5. Link to IPC 195A: Threatening to Give False Evidence
    IPC 195A, a related law, punishes those who threaten others to provide false evidence. If a person forces or intimidates someone into lying in court, they can be imprisoned for up to seven years, fined, or both. If the false testimony leads to a wrongful conviction, the punishment can be as severe as the sentence given to the innocent victim.

Section 195 IPC Overview

IPC Section 195 deals with cases where a person intentionally gives or creates false evidence to convict someone of a crime punishable by life imprisonment or a minimum of seven years in prison. If found guilty, the offender receives the same punishment as the falsely accused person would have received. This law helps maintain the honesty of the justice system and prevents wrongful convictions based on lies or fabricated evidence.

Giving or Fabricating False Evidence to Procure Conviction – IPC Section 195

  1. What is IPC Section 195?
    This law applies when a person gives false evidence or creates fake evidence to convict someone of a crime punishable by life imprisonment or at least seven years in prison. It ensures that no one is wrongly convicted due to lies or fabricated proof. The law treats the offender with the same punishment that the falsely accused person would have received.
  2. Why is this Law Important?
    The justice system is based on truth and fairness. If people provide false evidence, it can lead to wrongful convictions, causing innocent individuals to suffer. This law protects the integrity of the judicial system by punishing those who deliberately try to mislead the court.
  3. Who Can be Punished Under IPC 195?
    Anyone, including witnesses, investigators, or complainants, who knowingly gives or fabricates false evidence to secure someone’s conviction under a serious offence can be punished under this section. The intention behind the false evidence plays a crucial role in determining guilt.
  4. What Types of False Evidence are Covered?
    This section applies to false witness statements, tampered documents, fake recordings, or misleading testimony given in court. Any attempt to manipulate a case using forged or altered evidence falls under IPC 195 and is strictly punishable.
  5. Punishment Under IPC 195
    If a person is found guilty of giving or fabricating false evidence, they receive the same punishment as the person who was falsely accused would have received. For example, if the false evidence leads to a conviction for dacoity (punishable by life imprisonment), the offender also faces life imprisonment or a similar sentence.
  6. Illustration of IPC 195
    Suppose a person falsely testifies in court to make someone else appear guilty of a robbery punishable by ten years in prison. If the innocent person is convicted, the person who gave false testimony will also face up to ten years of imprisonment or life imprisonment, depending on the case.
  7. Threatening Someone to Give False Evidence – IPC 195A
    A separate but related law (IPC 195A) punishes those who threaten others to provide false evidence in court. If a person forces someone to lie in court by threatening their safety, reputation, or property, they can face imprisonment of up to seven years, a fine, or both.
  8. Severe Punishment if False Evidence Leads to a Wrongful Conviction
    If false evidence causes an innocent person to be wrongly convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for more than seven years or life, the person responsible for the false evidence will receive the same punishment. This ensures that those who misuse the law face strict consequences.
  9. How Courts Detect and Handle False Evidence?
    Judges and investigators carefully analyze evidence to prevent wrongful convictions. If false evidence is suspected, courts can order further investigations. People caught fabricating evidence face strict legal action, including criminal prosecution under IPC 195.
  10. Real-Life Importance of IPC 195
    There have been cases where innocent people were imprisoned due to false evidence. This law serves as a safeguard against such injustice. It ensures that no one can manipulate legal proceedings for personal gain, and those attempting to do so face severe punishment.

Examples of IPC 195

  1. False Testimony in a Murder Case
    A falsely testifies that B committed a murder. Based on A’s false testimony, B is convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Later, it is discovered that A gave false evidence. Under IPC 195, A will now face life imprisonment for fabricating false evidence.
  2. Fabricating Documents for Fraudulent Conviction
    X forges documents to make it appear that Y committed a financial fraud punishable by ten years in prison. Y is convicted based on these fake documents. When the fraud is discovered, X will be sentenced to the same punishment that Y received—ten years in prison.

195 IPC Punishment

Punishment Under IPC 195

  1. Imprisonment – The guilty person faces the same punishment as the falsely accused, which could be life imprisonment or at least seven years.
  2. Fine – The court may also impose a fine, depending on the seriousness of the ca

195 IPC Bailable or non bailable

IPC Section 195 is non-bailable, meaning the accused cannot get bail easily and must seek special permission from the court.


Section 195 IPC case laws

1. Emperor v. Beni Prasad (1934)

Facts: The accused gave false evidence in a criminal case, intending to get an innocent person convicted for a crime carrying a punishment of ten years.
Result: The court found the accused guilty under IPC 195 and sentenced him to ten years of imprisonment, the same punishment the falsely accused person would have received.

2. Queen-Empress v. Appaya (1894)

Facts: A person fabricated false evidence to get another individual convicted for theft, which was punishable by seven years in jail. The false evidence was later exposed.
Result: The accused was sentenced to seven years of rigorous imprisonment under IPC 195 for attempting to misuse the judicial process.

3. Santokh Singh v. State of Punjab (2009)

Facts: A witness provided false testimony in a murder trial, trying to get an innocent person convicted for life imprisonment.
Result: The court punished the witness with life imprisonment for fabricating false evidence, as per IPC 195. The Supreme Court upheld the decision, reinforcing the seriousness of such offences.

4. State of Rajasthan v. Kalyan Singh (1980)

Facts: A police officer deliberately filed a false charge sheet against an individual, fabricating evidence of a robbery case that carried a punishment of ten years.
Result: The court held the police officer accountable under IPC 195, sentencing him to the same punishment of ten years.

5. Pritish v. State of Maharashtra (2002)

Facts: The accused created false medical reports and submitted them to the court to get a person convicted for a serious offence. The court later found the reports to be fraudulent.
Result: The accused was punished under IPC 195 with imprisonment equal to the falsely imposed sentence on the innocent person.


Section 195 IPC in short information

IPC SectionOffensePunishmentBailable/Non-BailableCognizable/Non-CognizableTrial By
IPC 195Giving or fabricating false evidence to secure a convictionSame punishment as the falsely accused person would have receivedNon-BailableNon-CognizableSessions Court

IPC Section 195 FAQs

What is the main purpose of IPC Section 195?

What punishment does a person receive under IPC 195?

The person who gives false evidence is punished with the same imprisonment that the falsely accused person would have received. This can be life imprisonment or a minimum of seven years, depending on the crime.

Is IPC 195 a bailable or non-bailable offence?

What is the difference between IPC 195 and IPC 195A?

Who can file a case under IPC 195?


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