Section 1

Short title, extent and commencement

Section 2

Definitions ,Meaning, Scope and Importance

Section 3

Construction of references

Section 4

Trials of offences under the indian Penel Code and other laws

Section 5

Saving

Section 6

Classes of Criminal Courts

Section 7

Sessions Division and Districts

Section 8

Metropolitan Areas and Their Jurisdiction

Section 9

Courts of Judicial Magistrates

Section 10

Executive Magistrates and Their Powers

Section 11

Special Judicial Magistrates

Section 12

Local Jurisdiction of Judicial Magistrates

Section 13

Subordination of Judicial Magistrates

Section 15

Appointment and Role of Special Executive Magistrates

Section 16

Local Jurisdiction and Powers of Executive Magistrates

Section 17

Subordination of Executive Magistrates

Section 18

Public Prosecutors

Section 19

Assistant Public Prosecutors

Section 20

Directorate of Prosecution

Section 21

Courts by Which Offences Are Triable

Section 22

Powers of High Court and Sessions Judges to Pass Sentences

Section 23

Powers of Magistrates to Give Sentences

Section 24

Sentence of Imprisonment in Default of Fine

Section 25

Sentencing for Multiple Offences in a Single Trial

Section 26

How Legal Powers Are Given to Officials

Section 27

Powers of Officers After Appointment or Transfer

Section 28

Withdrawal of Powers by Courts and Magistrates

Section 29

Powers of Judges and Magistrates Exercisable by Their Successors-in-Office

Section 30

Powers of Superior Officers of Police

Section 31

Public When to Assist Magistrates and Police

Section 32

Public Duty to Assist Police in Arrests

Section 33

Duty to Inform Police

Section 34

Duty of Village Officers and Residents to Report Crimes and Suspicious Activities

Section 35

Police Arrest Without Warrant

Section 36

Right to Meet Lawyer During Interrogation

Section 37

Police Control Rooms and Arrest Information Transparency

Section 38

Right of arrested person to be informed of grounds of arrest and right to bail

Section 39

Police Power to Arrest When Identity is Denied

Section 40

How a Private Person Can Legally Arrest Someone

Section 41

Magistrate’s Power to Arrest

Section 42

Protection of Armed Forces from Arrest

Section 43

Arrest Procedure, Handcuff Rules & Night Arrests of Women

Section 44

Legal Rules for Searching a Suspect’s Hiding Place

Section 45

Police Power to Pursue Criminals Across India

Section 46

What It Means to Avoid Unnecessary Restraint in Arrests

Section 47

Rights of Arrested Person

Section 48

Obligation to Notify Arrested Person’s Family

Section 49

Search of Arrested Persons

Section 50

Police Power to Take Dangerous Weapons After Arrest

Section 51

Medical Examination of Arrested Person

Section 52

Medical Exam of Rape Accused

Section 53

Medical Exam Rules for Arrested People

Section 54

How Police Identify Arrested Persons

Section 55

Procedure When Police Officer Deputes Subordinate to Arrest Without Warrant

Section 56

Protection of Health and Safety During Arrest

Section 57

Arrest Without Warrant and Legal Procedure

Section 58

Arrested Persons Cannot Be Detained for Over 24 Hours

Section 59

Police Reporting Duties for Arrests Without Warrant

Section 60

Legal Process for Discharge of Arrested Individuals

Section 61

Legal Authority to Pursue and Arrest Escaped Persons

Section 62

Protection Against Illegal Arrests in India

Section 63

Format of Court Summons

Section 64

How Court Summons Are Legally Served in India

Section 65

Properly Serve Summons to Corporate Bodies and Firms

Section 66

Substitute Service of Summons in Indian Legal Procedure

Section 67

Serving Summons by Affixation on House

Section 68

Procedure for Serving Summons to Government Servants

Section 69

Procedure to Serve Summons Outside Jurisdiction

Section 70

Summons Outside Jurisdiction & Digital Delivery

Section 71

Serving Summons to Witnesses

Section 72

Warrant of Arrest – Form, Duration, and Validity

Section 73

Bail and Security in Arrest Warrants

Section 74

Arrest Warrants and Court Discretion

Section 75

Legal Guide to Warrant Issuance in Criminal Cases

Section 76

Warrant Endorsement Process Between Police Officials

Section 77

Informing the Arrested Person About the Warrant

Section 78

Time Limit for Presenting Arrested Person in Court

Section 79

Arrest Warrant Valid All Over India

Section 80

How Warrants Are Executed Outside Court Jurisdiction in India

Section 81

Arrest Warrant Execution Outside Jurisdiction

Section 82

Arrest Procedure When Person Is Caught Outside Court’s District

Section 83

Procedure for Arrested Person Handling

Section 84

Proclamation for Absconding Persons

Section 85

Property Attachment for Absconders

Section 86

Property Seizure for Proclaimed Offenders

Section 87

Protecting Property Rights of Innocent People

Section 88

Release, Sale, and Restoration Process

Section 89

Appeal Process Legal Relief When Property is Denied

Section 90

Court Powers to Arrest When Summons Are Ignored

Section 91

Court’s Power to Take Bond Explained Simply

Section 92

Arrest for Breach of Bail Bond

Section 93

Rules for Summons and Warrants

Section 94

Documents and Digital Evidence Are Legally Summoned

Section 95

Postal Documents in Legal Investigations

Section 96

Court Issue a Search Warrant

Section 97

How Police Can Search Suspected Places Legally

Section 98

Power to Ban Harmful Publications

Section 99

Challenging Forfeiture in the High Court

Section 100

Rescue People Wrongfully Confined

Section 101

Power to Compel Restoration of Abducted Females

Section 102

Application of Search Warrant Procedures in India

Section 103

Guidelines for Search Warrants and Execution

Section 104

Disposal of Things Found in Search Beyond Jurisdiction

Section 105

Audio-Video Recording of Search and Seizure

Section 106

Police Seizure of Property Without Court Orders

Section 107

Attachment and Forfeiture of Property

Section 108

Magistrates Ensure Fair and Legal Search Procedures

Section 109

Power of Courts to Impound Documents in Criminal Cases

Section 110

Cross-State and International Summons & Warrants

Section 111

Assistance in Criminal Cases and Property Seizure

Section 112

Investigate Crimes Across Borders

Section 113

Foreign Request for Evidence or Investigation in India

Section 114

Transfer of Accused Across Borders

Section 115

Law for Seizing Crime-Linked Property in India and Abroad

Section 116

Identifying Unlawfully Acquired Property

Section 117

Seizure and Attachment of Property

Section 118

Property Management After Seizure or Forfeiture

Section 119

Court Procedure for Property Forfeiture

Section 120

Seizure of Crime-Based Property

Section 121

Pay Fine Instead of Property Forfeiture

Section 122

Invalid Transfers During Legal Action

Section 123

Facilitates Cross-Border Legal Cooperation

Section 124

Legal Cooperation with Foreign Countries

Section 125

Peace Bond After Conviction

Section 126

Security for Peace from Risky Individuals

Section 127

Stopping Harmful Content Before It Spreads

Section 128

Security for Good Behaviour from Suspected Offenders

Section 129

Law Against Repeat Crimes & Good Behaviour Bond

Section 130

Legal Procedure for Preventive Actions

Section 131

Court Procedure for Present Persons

Section 132

Court Action for Absentees in Preventive Cases

Section 133

Order with Summons or Warrant

Section 134

Dispense with Personal Attendance

Section 135

Inquiry into the Truth of Information

Section 136

When Court Can Order Security for Good Behaviour

Section 137

Discharge After Preventive Inquiry

Section 138

Start of Security Period After Preventive Order

Section 139

Overview of Preventive Legal Bonds

Section 140

Rules for Accepting or Rejecting Bail Sureties

Section 141

Imprisonment in Default of Peace or Behavior Bond

Section 142

Authority to Release Jailed Persons for Not Giving Security

Section 143

Fresh Security for Unexpired Bond Period Explained

Section 144

Maintenance for Wives, Children, and Parents

Section 145

Maintenance Case Procedure

Section 146

Alteration or Cancellation of Maintenance

Section 147

Maintenance Orders Are Enforced in India

Section 148

Powers to Disperse Unlawful Assemblies

Section 149

Army in Maintaining Public Order During Riots

Section 150

Emergency Powers of Armed Forces Officers

Section 151

Protection for Police and Armed Forces for acts done under sections 148, 149 and 150

Section 152

Conditional Order for Removal of Public Nuisance Explained

Section 153

Service or notification of order

Section 154

Understand Obeying Magistrate Orders

Section 155

Penalty for Disobeying Section 154 Orders

Section 156

What If Someone Denies Public Access?

Section 157

Procedure When a Person Appears to Show Cause

Section 158

Local Investigation and Expert Opinion Powers

Section 159

Power of Magistrate for Investigation and Expert Opinion

Section 160

Action taken when final order is disobeyed

Section 161

Magistrate’s Emergency Injunction Power

Section 162

Magistrate may prohibit repetition or continuance of public nuisance

Section 163

Magistrate’s Power to Prevent Danger in Emergencies

Section 164

Land Disputes, Peace Orders & Magistrate’s Power

Section 165

Magistrate’s Authority in Disputed Property Cases

Section 166

Dispute Concerning Right of Use of Land or Water

Section 167

Local Inquiry Process

Section 168

Police Powers to Prevent Cognizable Offences

Section 169

Duty of Police to Report Plans of Serious Crimes

Section 170

Arrest Without Warrant to Prevent Serious Crimes

Section 171

Prevention of Damage to Public Assets

Section 172

Lawful Police Orders Must Be Followed

Section 173

Information and Investigation in Cognizable Cases

Section 174

Procedure for Non-Cognizable Cases in India

Section 175

Police Powers to Investigate Serious Offences

Section 176

Step-by-Step Procedure for Police Investigation

Section 177

Report Submission Process

Section 178

Magistrate’s Powers in Case Investigation

Section 179

Police Power to Summon Witnesses

Section 180

Police Power to Examine Witnesses

Section 181

Police Statements and Their Legal Use

Section 182

No Threats or Promises Allowed During Police Investigations

Section 183

Confession and Statement Recording Rules

Section 184

Medical Examination of Rape Victim

Section 185

Police Search Without Warrant

Section 186

When a Police Officer Can Ask Another Station to Issue a Search Warrant

Section 187

Procedure When Investigation Exceeds 24 Hours

Section 188

Subordinate Officer’s Reporting Duty

Section 189

Police Release of Accused When Evidence Is Weak

Section 190

Sending the Accused to Court When Proof Is Enough

Section 191

No Pressure or Restraint on Complainants and Witnesses

Section 192

Case Diary Rules Every Indian Should Know

Section 193

Police Report After Investigation

Section 194

Role of Police in Suspicious Death Investigations

Section 195

Power of Police to Summon Witnesses

Section 196

Judicial Inquiries into Suspicious Deaths

Section 197

Understanding the Ordinary Place of Criminal Trials

Section 198

Place of Inquiry or Trial

Section 199

Trial Jurisdiction Based on Act or Consequence

Section 200

Place of Trial for Related Offences

Section 201

Place of Trial for Particular Offences

Section 202

Communication-Based Crimes: Letters, Emails & More

Section 203

Crime During Journey or Voyage

Section 204

Jurisdiction for Trials of Multiple Related Offences

Section 205

Power to Shift Trials Across Sessions Divisions

Section 206

High Court’s Power to Decide Trial Jurisdiction in Case of Doubt

Section 207

Magistrate’s Power to issue summons or warrant for offence committed beyond local jurisdiction

Section 208

Jurisdiction Over Offences Committed Outside India

Section 209

Cross-Border Evidence in Indian Trials

Section 210

When Can Magistrates Take Cognizance of Offences ?

Section 211

Right to Transfer Case Before Trial

Section 212

Understanding the Transfer of Cases in Criminal Law

Section 213

When Can Sessions Court Take Cognizance of a Case?

Section 214

Trial of Cases by Additional Sessions Judges Made Over to Them

Section 215

BNSS 215: Legal Process for Contempt of Public Servants and Offences in Court

Section 216

Protection of Witnesses from Threats and Harassment

Section 217

Prosecution Process for State Offences and Conspiracies

Section 218

Prosecution of Judges, Magistrates, and Public Servants

Section 219

Complaints in Marriage-Related Offences

Section 220

Complaints for Cruelty in Marriage (Section 85 Offences)

Section 221

When Can Courts Take Cognizance in Marital Cruelty Cases ?

Section 222

Your Rights in Defamation Matters

Section 223

Procedure of Complaint Examination & Rights of Accused

Section 224

Magistrate’s Role When Lacking Cognizance Power

Section 225

Postponement of issue of process: Guidelines and Exception

Section 226

Dismissal of Baseless Complaints

Section 227

Issuing Process Against the Accused

Section 228

Magistrate Excuse an Accused’s Personal Attendance ?

Section 229

Special Summons for Minor Offences

Section 230

RIGHT TO COPIES OF POLICE FIR

Section 231

Right to Case Documents for Accused in Session Court Cases

Section 232

Procedure for Committing a Case to the Court of Session

Section 233

Handling Complaint Cases with Ongoing Police Investigations

Section 234

Contents and Structure of Charges

Section 235

Framing Charges with Date and Person Details

Section 236

Manner of Committing Offence

Section 237

Understanding Legal Meanings in Charges

Section 238

Effect of Errors in a Charge

Section 239

Courts Ensure Justice Through Charge Corrections

Section 240

Right to Recall Witnesses During Charge Alterations

Section 241

Separate Charges for Distinct Offences

Section 242

Offences of Same Kind Within a Year

Section 243

Multiple Charges in a Single Trial Made Easy

Section 244

Dealing with Doubtful Offences When One Act May Be Many Crimes

Section 245

How Courts Can Punish for a Minor Offence Without Fresh Charges

Section 246

Joint Trials for Connected Crimes

Section 247

Withdrawal of Charges After Conviction

Section 248

Role of Public Prosecutor in Sessions Trials

Section 249

Opening Case for Prosecution

Section 250

Discharge of the Accused

Section 251

Framing Charges During Trial

Section 252

Guilty Pleas and Convictions

Section 253

Prosecution Evidence Date and Court Process

Section 254

Recording Evidence for Prosecution

Section 255

Acquittal When There Is No Evidence

Section 256

Right to Defence and Fair Trial

Section 257

Final Arguments in Criminal Trials

Section 258

Judgment of acquittal or conviction

Section 259

Rules for Previous Convictions in Criminal Cases

Section 260

Process in cases instituted under sub-section (2) of section 222

Section 261

Compliance with Section 230 Before Trial Starts

Section 262

Protecting the Innocent from Groundless Charges(Discharge of Accused )

Section 263

Procedure for Framing of Charges Explained

Section 264

What Happens When an Accused Pleads Guilty?

Section 265

Evidence for Prosecution in Criminal Trials

Section 266

Rights of Accused to Present Evidence

Section 267

Prosecution Evidence in Complaint Trials

Section 268

Magistrate’s Power to Discharge Accused

Section 269

Procedure When Accused Is Not Discharged

Section 270

Evidence for Defence in Criminal Trials

Section 271

Court Acquits or Convicts

Section 272

Discharge of Accused When Complainant is Absent

Section 273

Compensation for False Accusations

Section 274

Accusation Is Handled in Summons-Cases

Section 275

Conviction on Plea of Guilty Explained

Section 276

Plea of Guilty Without Going to Court

Section 277

Procedure When Accused Not Convicted

Section 278

Acquittal or Conviction Explained

Section 279

Complainant Missing or Dead? Here’s What Court Does

Section 280

Complaint Withdrawal Procedure

Section 281

Power of Magistrate to Stop Trial

Section 282

Magistrate’s Power Switching Summons to Warrant Cases

Section 283

Power of Summary Trials in Minor Criminal Cases

Section 284

Summary Trials by Magistrate of Second Class

Section 285

Procedure for Summary Trials

Section 286

Summary Trial Records

Section 287

Judgment in Summary Trials

Section 288

Record and Judgment in Local Court Language

Section 289

Rules for Plea Bargaining (Application of Chapter)

Section 290

Plea Bargaining Process

Section 291

Guidelines for mutually satisfactory disposition

Section 292

Submission of Report on Satisfactory Case Settlement to Court

Section 293

Courts Dispose Cases After Plea Bargaining

Section 294

Open Court Judgment After Plea Bargaining

Section 295

Finality of Plea Bargaining Judgments

Section 296

Court Powers in Plea Bargaining

Section 297

Time Spent in Custody by Accused to Be Adjusted from Final Prison Sentence

Section 298

Saving Clause (Priority of Special Legal Provisions in Plea Bargaining) for Chapter XXIII

Section 299

Accused’s Plea Bargaining Statements Not Valid for Other Legal Use

Section 300

Special Protection for Juveniles in Legal Cases

Section 301

Definitions of Detained and Prison Explained

Section 302

Court Orders for Attendance of Prisoners

Section 303

Government Power to Restrict Prisoner Movement

Section 304

Jail Officer Can Refuse Court Order in Special Situations

Section 305

Prisoner Custody and Court Orders

Section 306

Examining Prisoners as Witnesses in Jail

Section 307

Language of Courts

Section 308

Recording Evidence with Fair Trial Rights

Section 309

Court Memorandums in Summons-Cases and inquiries

Section 310

Recording Witness Evidence in Warrant-Cases

Section 311

Procedure of Recording Evidence before in Sessions Court

Section 312

Language of Witness Evidence in Court Trials

Section 313

Procedure for Finalizing Recorded Evidence

Section 314

Interpretation of evidence to accused or Advocate

Section 315

Remarks on Witness Behaviour in Trials

Section 316

Recording the Statement of the Accused During Examination

Section 317

Interpreter required to translate evidence faithfully and truly

Section 318

Recording Evidence in High Court Trials

Section 319

Cases where personal presence of witness can be avoided and commission may be ordered

Section 320

Commission to whom to be issued

Section 321

Execution of Commissions in Criminal Trials

Section 322

Right to Examine Witnesses Through Commission

Section 323

Return of Commission and Its Legal Process

Section 324

Adjournment of Proceedings for Witness Commission

Section 325

Execution of Foreign Commissions

Section 326

Deposition of Medical Witness in Criminal Cases

Section 327

Identification Reports as Court Evidence

Section 328

Mint, Forensic & Document Reports in Court

Section 329

Reports Submitted by Designated Government Scientific Experts

Section 330

No Formal Proof of Certain Documents

Section 331

Affidavit in proof of conduct of public servants

Section 332

Evidence of formal character on affidavit

Section 333

Officials Before Whom Affidavits Can Be Declared

Section 334

Prove Previous Conviction or Acquittal

Section 335

Record of Evidence in Absence of Accused

Section 336

Evidence of public servants, experts, police officers in certain cases

Section 337

Once a person is convicted or acquitted of a crime, they cannot face another trial for that same offence

Section 338

Role of Public Prosecutors in Court

Section 339

Conducting Criminal Prosecution

Section 340

Right of an individual facing legal proceedings to have a defence

Section 341

Government-provided legal aid to accused persons in eligible cases

Section 342

Procedure for corporation and registered society Accused

Section 343

Tender of pardon to accomplice

Section 344

Power to Tender Pardon During Trial

Section 345

Trial of Pardoned Person for Violating Conditions

Section 347

Local inspection

Section 348

Power of Court to Summon or Re-Examine Witnesses

Section 349

Magistrate’s Power to Order Specimen Samples

Section 350

Expenses of complainants and witnesses

Section 351

Court’s Power to Examine the Accused

Section 352

Oral and memorandum of arguments in Criminal Trials

Section 353

An accused individual may serve as a competent witness

Section 354

No influence to be used to induce disclosure

Section 355

Provision for conducting inquiry or trial without the accused in specific situations

Section 356

Legal inquiry, trial or judgment in absence of proclaimed offender

Section 357

Trial When Accused Doesn’t Understand Proceedings

Section 358

Trial for Persons Found Guilty During Proceedings

Section 359

Compounding of Offences

Section 360

Withdrawal from Prosecution

Section 361

Procedure When Magistrate Lacks Authority to Dispose Case

Section 362

Magistrate’s Duty to Commit Case to Sessions Court

Section 363

Legal Procedure for Previously Convicted Persons in coinage, stamp-law or property

Section 364

Magistrate Cannot Impose a Harsh Enough Sentence

Section 365

Conviction or commitment on evidence partly recorded by one Magistrate and partly by another

Section 366

Open Courts and Private Hearings

Section 367

Legal Process for Accused of Unsound Mind

Section 368

Procedure for Handling Accused of Unsound Mind in before Court

Section 369

Procedure for Releasing Accused of Unsound Mind During Investigation or Trial

Section 370

Procedure to Resume Trial After Mental Health Recovery

Section 371

Procedure on accused appearing before Magistrate or Court

Section 372

When accused appears to have been of Sound Mind

Section 373

Acquittal on Grounds of Unsoundness of Mind

Section 374

Person released on grounds of mental illness to remain in protective custody

Section 375

Power of State Government to empower officer in charge to discharge

Section 376

Procedure for Resuming Trial When Mentally Unfit Accused Is Now Fit

Section 377

Procedure where person of unsound mind detained is declared fit to be released

Section 378

Delivery of Mentally Unfit Accused to Friend or Family Custody

Section 379

Procedure in cases mentioned in section 215

Section 380

Right to Appeal Against Complaint Decisions

Section 381

Power to Order Costs in Complaint & Appeal Cases

Section 382

Magistrate Takes Cognizance of Legal Complaints

Section 383

Summary Trials for False Evidence

Section 384

Court Powers for Instant Contempt Action

Section 385

Procedure when the Court believes a case should not be handled under Section 384

Section 386

Registrar or Sub-Registrar as Civil Court

Section 387

Releasing an Offender Upon Offering an Apology

Section 388

Legal Action Against Individuals Who Decline to Answer or Provide Evidence

Section 389

Quick legal process for punishing witness absent despite summons

Section 390

Appeals from convictions under sections 383, 384, 388 and 389

Section 391

Judicial officers not allowed to hear cases of offences committed before them, except as stated in sections 383 to 389

Section 392

Judgment

Section 393

Language and Contents of Court Judgment

Section 394

Direction to report residence details of prior convicts

Section 395

Compensation Orders by Court

Section 396

Victim Compensation Scheme

Section 397

Treatment of victims

Section 398

Witness Protection

Section 399

Compensation to persons groundlessly arrested

Section 400

Cost Compensation Order in Non-Cognizable Criminal Cases

Section 401

Direction to Release on Good Behaviour Bond or After Warning

Section 402

Special reasons to be recorded in certain cases

Section 403

Court not to alter judgment

Section 404

Right to Copy of Court Judgment

Section 405

Right to Judgment in Your Language

Section 406

Court Must Send Judgment Copy to District Magistrate

Section 407

Death Sentence Confirmation by High Court

Section 408

High Court Power to Reinvestigate or Collect New Proof

Section 409

High Court Power Over Death Sentences and Convictions

Section 410

Judgment Signing Rule by Two Judges

Section 411

Process When High Court Judges Have Different Opinions

Section 412

Death Sentence Confirmation Procedure Explained

Section 413

Appeal Rules and Victim Rights

Section 414

Appeal Against Preventive Security and Surety Orders

Section 415

Right to Appeal in Criminal Convictions

Section 416

No Appeal in Certain Cases When Accused Pleads Guilty

Section 417

No Appeal in Petty Cases Explained

Section 418

Appeal by State or Centre Against Inadequate Sentencing

Section 419

Appeal Against Acquittal Explained

Section 420

Appeal against conviction by High Court in certain cases

Section 421

Special Appeal Provision in Multi-Accused Cases

Section 422

Appeal Hearing Procedure in Sessions Court

Section 423

Petition of Appeal Explained

Section 424

Procedure for Filing Appeals from Jail

Section 425

Summary Dismissal of Appeals Explained

Section 426

Procedure for Hearing Appeals Not Dismissed Summarily

Section 427

Powers of the Appellate Court Explained

Section 428

Understanding Judgments of Lower Appellate Courts

Section 429

High Court Order Certification to Lower Courts Explained

Section 430

Suspension of Sentence Pending Appeal and Bail Explained

Section 431

Arrest of Accused in Appeals Against Acquittal Explained

Section 432

Power of Appellate Courts to Take Additional Evidence Explained

Section 433

Procedure When High Court Judges Are Divided Explained

Section 434

Finality of Judgments and Appellate Orders Explained

Section 435

Appeal Abatement and Rights of Relatives After Death

Section 436

Power of Courts to Refer Cases to High Court

Section 437

Disposal of Cases According to High Court Decisions

Section 438

Calling for Records and Powers of Revision Explained

Section 439

Power to Order Inquiry Explained

Section 440

Sessions Judge’s Jurisdiction to Revise Cases

Section 441

Judicial Role of Additional Sessions Judge

Section 442

Revisionary Powers of High Court in Criminal Justice

Section 443

High Court’s Power to Withdraw or Transfer Revision Cases

Section 444

Court’s Option to Hear Parties

Section 445

Certification of High Court Orders to Lower Courts Explained

Section 446

Supreme Court’s Power to Transfer Cases Explained

Section 447

High Court’s Power to Transfer Cases and Appeals Explained

Section 448

Sessions Judge’s Power to Transfer Cases Explained

Section 449

Withdrawal of Cases and Appeals by Sessions Judges Explained

Section 450

Withdrawal of Cases by Judicial Magistrates Explained

Section 451

Making Over or Withdrawal of Cases by Executive Magistrates Explained

Section 452

Reasons to be Recorded for Judicial and Executive Orders

Section 453

Execution of Death Sentences Explained in Detail

Section 454

Execution of High Court Death Sentences Explained

Section 455

Delay in the execution of death sentence when an appeal is filed in the Supreme Court

Section 456

Commutation of Death Sentence for Pregnant Women Explained

Section 457

Power to Appoint Place of Imprisonment Explained

Section 458

Execution of Imprisonment Sentences Explained

Section 459

Direction of warrant for execution

Section 460

Lodging of Imprisonment Warrants Explained

Section 461

Rules for Levying and Recovering Court Fines

Section 462

Effect of Warrant for Fine Recovery Explained

Section 463

Warrant for Fine Recovery Issued by Courts Outside BNSS Jurisdiction

Section 464

Suspension of execution of sentence of imprisonment

Section 465

Who Can Issue Warrants for Sentence Execution?

Section 466

Sentence on Escaped Convict When to Take Effect

Section 467

Sentencing Rules for Multiple Convictions

Section 468

Detention period served by the accused to be adjusted against the jail sentence

Section 469

Saving Provision and Its Importance Explained

Section 470

Return of Warrant After Sentence Execution Explained

Section 471

Recovery of Monetary Orders as Fines Explained

Section 472

Mercy Petition in Death Sentence Cases Explained

Section 473

Power to Suspend or Remit Sentences Explained

Section 474

Government’s Power to Reduce Sentences

Section 475

Restriction on powers of remission or commutation in certain Case

Section 476

Concurrent authority of the Centre over death sentence decisions

Section 477

State Government to proceed after Central Government’s approval

Section 478

Conditions under which bail is to be allowed

Section 479

How Long Can Undertrial Prisoners Be Detained ?

Section 480

Bail Rules for Non-Bailable Offences Explained

Section 481

Bail mandating the accused’s presence in the next appellate court:

Section 482

Guidance for granting bail to an accused apprehending arrest

Section 483

Special powers of High Court or Court of Session regarding bail

Section 484

Bail Bond Amount and Reduction Explained

Section 485

Bond of Accused and Sureties Explained

Section 486

Declaration by Sureties Explained in Detail

Section 487

Discharge from Custody Explained in Detail

Section 488

Court’s power to require proper bail when initial sureties prove

Section 489

Discharge of Sureties Explained in Detail

Section 490

Process to be taken when a bond is forfeited

Section 491

Procedure When Bond Has Been Forfeited Explained

Section 492

Cancellation of Bond and Bail Bond Explained

Section 493

Process when a surety becomes insolvent, dies, or a bond is forfeited

Section 494

Legal Provisions for Bonds Required from Children

Section 495

Appeal from Orders Under Section 491 Explained

Section 496

Power to Levy Amount Due on Recognizances

Section 497

Custody and Disposal of Property Explained

Section 498

Disposal of Property After Trial Explained

Section 499

Refund Rules for Innocent Buyers of Stolen Property

Section 500

Appeal against orders under section 498 or section 499

Section 501

Destruction of Libellous and Harmful Matter

Section 502

Power to Restore Possession of Property After Conviction

Section 503

Police Procedure for Seized Property

Section 504

Unclaimed Property After 6 Months

Section 505

Power to Sell Perishable Property

Section 506

Irregularities That Do Not Invalidate Proceedings

Section 507

Irregularities That Invalidate Legal Proceedings

Section 508

Proceedings in Wrong Place Explained

Section 509

Non-Compliance with Statement Recording Procedure (section 183 or section 316)

Section 510

Effect of omission to frame, or absence of, or error in, charge

Section 511

Impact of Errors and Irregularities on Court Decisions

Section 512

Defect or Error Not to Make Attachment Unlawful Explained

Section 513

Meaning of “Period of Limitation” Explained

Section 514

Bar to Taking Cognizance After Lapse of Period of Limitation

Section 515

Commencement of period of limitation

Section 516

Exclusion of time in certain cases

Section 517

Exclusion of Date When Court is Closed Explained

Section 518

Continuing Offence and Limitation Explained

Section 519

Power of Court to Extend Limitation Period

Section 520

Trials Before High Courts Explained

Section 521

Delivery to commanding officers of persons liable to be tried by

Section 522

Forms

Section 523

Power of High Court to Make Rules Explained

Section 524

Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate

Section 525

protects the fairness and credibility of criminal trials by preventing Judges and Magistrates from handling cases where they have a personal interest or from reviewing their own decisions. At the same time, it avoids unnecessary disqualifications by clarifying that official duties or site visits do not create bias. With higher court supervision in rare cases, this section ensures justice is both impartial and practical

Section 526

Practising Advocate Not to Sit as Magistrate in Certain Courts

Section 527

Ban on Public Servants Buying Property in Official Sales

Section 528

Saving of Inherent Powers of High Court Explained

Section 529

High Court’s Duty of Supervision Over Lower Courts Explained

Section 530

Trial and Proceedings in Electronic Mode Explained

Section 531

Repeal and Savings Explained